[wsfii-discuss] the cooperative way for India?

[vvcrishna at radiophony.com]

Quoting Balaji G <balaji_g1947 at yahoo.com>:

> I am not standing in defence of the Government for their efficiencies or
> inefficiencies. 
> We all know that rural India is in a complete mess. Yet, if at all 
> something has progressed there, it has happened only through the government.
> Even in case of telecom, all rural teledensity increase  has taken place
> because of public sector undertaking BSNL. Private telecom operators happily
> chose to pay penalties as against connecting in rural. On the other hand,
> Ngos and community based efforts have remained marginal.

The ills of NGOs are reasonably well known - they are as subject to influence
through the need for sustainability as anyone else driven by profit. As for the
private telecom operators, the intransigence or lack of interest in deploying
the USO prior to this year is surely condemnable. It was not a tax - it was a
penalty for not deploying networks in rural areas, and no wonder that BSNL was
the only entity that provided service in the absence of any profit-oriented
motivation (the only thing that business respond to). The lack of design of a
mechanism to spend the money is at fault.

However, the government is also to blame for continuing with a regulatory policy
on braodcasting and interconnectivity that is designed to fail, and disempower
people from building their own solutions (with our without the 'aid' of
government or business).

> 
> So the onus for doing good falls only on Government. And you yourself have
> said that Government has failed to do much. The article by Mohan Mishra says
> things on similar lines too. Every one talks, but looks to only Government
> to do something, and nothing much happens. So the fault also lies as much in
> all other constituents, who only talk and eventually leave it to Government
> to do the dirty (the noble) job.   
> 
> So, where is the hope? Is anyone interested ? If others are not, and
> Government is also not, where is the...... hope?

I don't know for sure that 'NGOs' or 'self-help groups' or whatever label is put
on groups that move collectively towards helping themselves will definitely
succeed where other processes have failed. 

Possibly, the change in attitude of the government will in itself be the
greatest motivator. Is that a decent enough hope?

> 
> Of course, Mr Mishra in his article has reasons to be more optimistic than
> me, as he calls for genuine action.
> 
> Balaji
> 
> 
> 
> Vickram Crishna-2 wrote:
> > 
> > At a recent meeting on community radio (almost anyone would agree, the
> > first
> > step towards building an engaged rural populace, but not India, which
> > still
> > slavishly hews to colonial lines established in and for another time and
> > yes,
> > another place), I was told that we have the proud record of 30,000
> > internationally funded projects - all closed despite some successful
> > 'proofs of
> > concept'.
> > 
> > I don't understand Balaji's question: 'why should the government bear the
> > onus
> > for everything?'. I don't think that's anyone's case in black and white,
> > but
> > surely the government needs to learn to step aside in areas (such as basic
> > communication) where it has failed to provide a service despite enjoying a
> > mandated monopoly for decades, and now seeks to treat the medium itself as
> > a
> > revenue generator, ignoring its potential for positive growth?
> > 
> > Quoting john wilson <johnresearch at hotmail.com>:
> > 
> >> Balaji and all,
> >> 
> >> Yes you highlight key points - re. government rhetoric and statements of 
> >> good intent, and  opportunist projects designed to benefit from
> >> government 
> >> funding. Whilst little is actually happening on the ground. Such
> >> political 
> >> game-plays have a habit of leaving "people" out.
> >> 
> >> Some remarks. At the risk of repeating myself.
> >> 
> >> Communities in real need can end up being doubly exploited. Government
> >> and 
> >> public bodies tend to build-up expectations for matters of political 
> >> expediency. Then pilot projects that attract funding can often fail due
> >> to 
> >> ill-conceived social formulations or else opportunist motives. The
> >> pendulum 
> >> can tend to swing from hyped-up expectations to declarations of failure. 
> >> Meanwhile both government and incumbent telco have bought time, and
> >> market 
> >> activity evolves so that the window of opportunity for local,
> >> "first-mile" 
> >> community network projects is changed.
> >> 
> >> At our Djusrsland convention 2 years we explored issues of strategy in a 
> >> session "The Community First Mile: Strategies for Broadband Access", 
> >> foregrounding the "social" as opposed to the "technology" aspect of 
> >> community projects.
> >> 
> >> The convention also highlighted the way in which the Djurslands.net had 
> >> broken from the culture of dependancy on government and realized a 
> >> significant scale of growth through its own "self-help", "co-operative" 
> >> approach (in a rural region with strong residual traditions of 
> >> agricultural/fisherman's co-operativism). - I have not seen an update
> >> since 
> >> then, to see how the Djurslands.net project may have developed in the 
> >> evolving telecoms environment, and to what extent it may have managed to 
> >> maintain a democratic community management and  economic sustainability.
> >> Has
> >> 
> >> an updated case study of the Djursland project been produced recently? 
> >> Lessons of strategy and "politics"?
> >> 
> >> The Djursland convention also highlighted Onno Purbo's community wireless
> 
> >> networking activities in Indonesia, regarding a grassroots initiative 
> >> independent of government support/dependancy. Subsequently Onno presented
> >> to
> >> 
> >> an Open Spectrum UK event in London, see blog notes of his presentation
> >> here
> >> 
> >> < http://openspectrum.org.uk/wiki/wikka.php?wakka=EventOSUK01blog >. The 
> >> relevance of Onno's "rural Indonesia" activities to "the rural India 
> >> situation"?
> >> 
> >> The convention also held a workshop titled "A project that failed", where
> 
> >> Dave Hughes explored his wireless project activities in Wales re issues
> >> of 
> >> government funding, project development, community needs, etc.
> >> 
> >> In my last posting to this list I recommended that attention be given to 
> >> strategies for community project development, with focussed attention to
> >> the
> >> 
> >> "social" as much as the "technology" aspect of the challenge. Its a real 
> >> challenge. Its political. Otherwise history can be relied upon to repeat 
> >> itself. Well-intentioned projects bite the dust. And make no mistake,
> >> your 
> >> protagonists *are* applying their minds to putting you out of business.
> >> 
> >> Since the Djursland Institute has recieved its funding, I wonder whether
> >> it 
> >> has given attention to a White Paper on project design and strategy re 
> >> community-based assets development? Likewise any other funded advocacy 
> >> bodies that have some relationship to the "wsfii" communities of
> >> interest, 
> >> for example the OPLAN Foundation which was set up after the Djursland 
> >> convention (with World Bank funding)?
> >> 
> >> Where's the politics?
> >> 
> >> John
> >> 
> >> 
> >> >From: Balaji G <balaji_g1947 at yahoo.com>
> >> >Reply-To: Discuss list on the World Summit on Free Information 
> >> >Infrastructure<wsfii-discuss at lists.okfn.org>
> >> >To: wsfii-discuss at lists.okfn.org
> >> >Subject: Re: [wsfii-discuss] the cooperative way for India?
> >> >Date: Sat, 1 Jul 2006 04:08:49 -0700 (PDT)
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >Dear Arun
> >> >
> >> >The article attached by you below has some pointers to the real issue.
> >> >
> >> >On rural connectivity situation in India, the only thing happening is
> >> the
> >> >Government inititaive on CSC.  Most others, including large corporates
> >> and
> >> >NGOs, stop at announcements and events or research papers,  and do not
> >> even
> >> >have intention to do something substantive.
> >> >
> >> >Even the intention to participate in several PPP (Public Private
> >> >partnesrhip) programmes is for them to benefit from Government largesse
> >> >only. So, who is interested in furtherance of cause of rural?
> >> >
> >> >The issue, that comes to mind  is,  why should the onus be always on the
> >> >government for evertything?
> >> >
> >> >Balaji
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >Arun Mehta wrote:
> >> > >
> >> > > Leading up to the World Summit on Free Information Infrastructures,
> >> > > wsfii.org, in Dharamsala, international participants may be
> >> interested
> >> > > in understanding the rural connectivity situation in India.
> >> > >
> >> > > The article below is right, when it says that mostly so far, all we
> >> > > have had is pilot projects, and lots of conferences. The government
> >> is
> >> > > indeed trying to set up 100,000 telecenters, but so far, two years
> >> > > after Mission 2007 was launched, there is little evidence of anything
> >> > > on the ground. At the London wsfii, I predicted, hoping to be proved
> >> > > wrong, that not much would have been achieved by the government bythe
> >> > > time of the 2006 wsfii. Actually, a lot less has been achieved, than
> >> I
> >> > > expected.
> >> > >
> >> > > As regards viability, why do we forget Metcalfe's law: the value of a
> >> > > network is proportional to the square of its size? In other words,
> >> > > viability will improve dramatically if we network all 600,000 instead
> >> > > of just one-sixth: if 6 villages share a telecenter, a lot of the
> >> > > business will be lost: all the communications between the 6! People
> >> > > surely communicate with neighboring villages a lot more than they do
> >> > > with people far away. The old and the disabled will not be able to
> >> use
> >> > > a telecenter, unless it is in their own village.
> >> > >
> >> > > The Dharamsala WSFII could not be happening at a more opportune time,
> >> > > to point out another way. No longer do we need large telcos to
> >> > > condescend to provide connectivity to villages. People can do it
> >> > > themselves, as the airjaldi network in Dharamsala and others around
> >> > > the world so ably demonstrate.
> >> > > Arun
> >> > >
> >> > > http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1648695.cms
> >> > > Rural connect: The cooperative way
> >> > > MOHAN MISHRA
> >> > >
> >> > > On the face of it, the growing Naxalite menace may be treated as a
> >> law
> >> > > and order problem. But the root cause of the issue, as articulated by
> >> > > Dr MS Swaminathan, the father of Green Revolution, is: "Ignore
> >> > > farmers, see Red spread". Naxalism, along with farmers' suicides, are
> >> > > only the visible symptoms of a deeper disease: the worsening plight
> >> of
> >> > > agriculture dependent population and widening urban-rural
> >> disparities.
> >> > >
> >> > > To see how stark these disparities are, just take a look at the
> >> > > teledensity figures. Despite the euphoria over recent telecom growth,
> >> > > rural teledensity remains a measly 2% compared to 31% in urban areas.
> >> > > The teledensity growth in the country has been led by higher urban
> >> > > volumes while large parts of rural India still remain unconnected.
> >> > >
> >> > > Rural development is an urgent need and towards that goal,
> >> connect-ing
> >> > > the villages is the first step. There has also been a growing
> >> interest
> >> > > from all quarters including numerous corporates, in solving the
> >> > > problems of rural India using Information and Communication
> >> Technology
> >> > > (ICT). While there have been a slew of initiatives and announcements,
> >> > > substantive results have been far and few.
> >> > >
> >> > > One reason is that many tend to treat the matter as primarily a
> >> > > technology issue. The solutions offered would, therefore, have been
> >> > > around innovation at the product level and range from the earlier
> >> > > Simputers to the recent $100 laptop.
> >> > >
> >> > > These are only some options to the challenge of connecting villages.
> >> > > Very few have attempted to put together an integrated solution to
> >> > > overcome the challenge of connecting rural India. Second,
> >> > > sustainability remains a major stumbling block in the game of rolling
> >> > > out rural kiosks.
> >> > >
> >> > > No one has still found a satisfactory answer to the issue. Says Dr MS
> >> > > Swaminathan, whose MSSRF village kiosks are an industry forerunner:
> >> > > "Economic sustainability may not happen in immediate terms, but it is
> >> > > more a question of social sustainability."
> >> > >
> >> > > Pankaj Baveja, founder of Project Param, and a pioneer in rural
> >> > > computing, endorses these views, but adds: "That does not mean that
> >> > > solutions to sustainability are not possible. Issues are not so much
> >> > > to do with choices in technology and connectivity.
> >> > >
> >> > > It is more to do with ownership-operations model and with the nuances
> >> > > in implementation." Third, with the trend of showcasing, only
> >> > > conferences and seminars have been proliferating while there hasn't
> >> > > been substantive work on field.
> >> > >
> >> > >  For substantive achievements in connecting rural India, a way
> >> forward
> >> > > may be the cooperative way. A shining example of marriage of
> >> > > technology with cooperative linkages for real grassroots
> >> > > transformation is Amul.
> >> > >
> >> > > Its manufacturing facilities are a point of envy for even the western
> >> > > world, and so are its IT-enabled logistics. In the words of the Amul
> >> > > CEO BM Vyas: "Amul is not a food company. It is an IT company in the
> >> > > food business". That is true rural empowerment using ICT.
> >> > >
> >> > > Cooperatives have been deeply entwined with the lives of rural
> >> people,
> >> > > fostering economic activity with linkages extending right up to the
> >> > > grassroots level. They have been playing an important role in rural
> >> > > development.
> >> > >
> >> > > Not many may be aware that in the country there are over 5 lakh
> >> > > cooperative societies with membership exceeding 22 crore. But more
> >> > > important, the principles of equity along with economic growth are
> >> > > embodied in the basic co-operative structures, and hence the
> >> > > co-operative way is the natural way for rural development -- and for
> >> > > reducing disparities.
> >> > >
> >> > > Recognising the need for rural development, the government is doing
> >> > > its bit by launching a bold initiative of setting up 100,000 Common
> >> > > Service Centres by 2007. Pankaj Baveja, says: "The needs in the
> >> > > vil-lages are so high that this programme is bound to deliver
> >> positive
> >> > > re-sults. So, progress it must in its implementation."
> >> > >
> >> > > The task of rural development requires a concerted cooperative effort
> >> > > and participation from all quarters. Along with the government and
> >> the
> >> > > co-operative sector, private industry needs to come forward to
> >> > > contribute substantively towards rural transformation, taking things
> >> > > beyond limited CSR activities.
> >> > >
> >> > > The visionaries and captains in the industry need to look at rural
> >> > > India -- not as mere markets -- but as investments. And this they
> >> need
> >> > > to do in their enlightened self interest. That may just be the key to
> >> > > sustain-able rural transformation.
> >> > >
> >> > > _______________________________________________
> >> > > wsfii-discuss mailing list
> >> > > wsfii-discuss at lists.okfn.org
> >> > > http://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/wsfii-discuss
> >> > >
> >> > >
> >> >
> >> 
> >> 
> >> >_______________________________________________
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> >> 
> >> 
> >> 
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> >> 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
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> > 
> 
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> http://www.nabble.com/the-cooperative-way-for-India--tf1831710.html#a5190242
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> 
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